“Topography” derives from ancient Greek and means the examination of the pattern and characteristics of the planet’s surface. It follows that it also concerns the description of those physiques and features - in particular via the utilization of maps.
The use of Topography is so that the place of any point can be determined in terms of latitude, longitude & altitude. Being capable to do this is fundamental when constructing, planning and engineering and mostly anything in the field of civil engineering.
So, it’s fundamental that before any structure design is started out that a topographic survey is implemented waiting to offer key members of the project, such as authorities, architects and developers with the information they require to take crucial decisions.
Most topographic surveys will supply this information in the work of a extremely exact 2D or 3D land drawing.
There are a number of ways a Topographic Survey can be executed:
Direct Survey/Surveying: will accurately set the position of points and the lengths and angles between them by utilizing instruments such as dumpy levels, clinometers & theodolites.
Remote Sensing: The data is amassed from a distance.
Aerial: satellite pictures are utilised.
Photogrammetry: measuring of points is defined by 2 or more pics caught from other positions.
Radar / Sonar: Particularly utilised when mapping the sea floor.
